Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/URI.php
Line Number: 102
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Router.php
Line Number: 128
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Controller.php
Line Number: 83
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 397
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated
Filename: database/DB_driver.php
Line Number: 372
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$ssp is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1284
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 303
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 328
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 355
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 365
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 366
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 367
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 368
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 426
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php
Line Number: 109
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 110
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent (sent from /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 272)
Filename: Session/Session.php
Line Number: 137
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1284
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$encryption is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1284
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 15
Function: __construct
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$section is deprecated
Filename: controllers/Portfolios.php
Line Number: 17
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 17
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$pagination is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 1284
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 25
Function: library
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$portfolio_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 359
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 27
Function: model
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$portfolio_category_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 359
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 28
Function: model
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$viewFolder is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$pageFolder is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$assetJsPath is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$assetCssPath is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$db is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$ssp is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$session is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$encryption is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$section is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$pagination is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$portfolio_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 932
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: Creation of dynamic property Portfolios::$settings_model is deprecated
Filename: core/Loader.php
Line Number: 359
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/helpers/cifunctions_helper.php
Line: 74
Function: model
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/views/frontend/inc/head.php
Line: 15
Function: get_settings
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/views/frontend/portfolios_v/item/index.php
Line: 10
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/application/controllers/Portfolios.php
Line: 167
Function: view
File: /var/www/vhosts/radyoamatorleri.com/httpdocs/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once
Meteor, Uçak, Yağmur damlaları (Mikrodalga) yansıtmalarının haricinde, zaman zaman 21-28 MHz'i de etkileyen , ancak daha yoğunlukla 6m (50 MHz) ve 2m bandlarını (Elbette bazıları 10 GHz'e kadar) etkileyen atmosferik olayları kabaca inceleyelim.
Normal şartlarda iyonosferi delip uzaya kaçan VHF ve UHF sinyallerinin, atmosferin en alt katmanı olan troposferde (yerden yaklaşık 10-15 km yüksekliğe kadar) meydana gelen hava olayları nedeniyle bükülerek veya yansıyarak geri dönmesi olayıdır.
1. Tropo Scatter (Troposferik Saçılma): 1950'li yıllarda, askeri haberleşme uyduları henüz yaygınlaşmamışken uzak mesafe iletişimi için kullanılan temel yöntemdir. Sinyalin troposferdeki yoğunluk farklarına ve düzensizliklere çarpıp her yöne "saçılması" prensibiyle çalışır. Bu yöntemle, normal görüş mesafesinin çok ötesindeki istasyonlarla sürekli bir iletişim bağı kurulabilir.
2. Tropo Ducting (Troposferik Kanal Oluşumu): RF sinyalinin, farklı sıcaklıktaki hava kütlelerinin üst üste binmesi (sıcaklık terselmesi) sonucu oluşan bir "hava tüneli" içinde, sanki bir fiber optik kablonun içinden geçiyormuşçasına uzaklara taşınmasıdır. Menzil: Ducting oluştuğunda, normalde 50-80 km olan görüş mesafesi 1000-2000 km ve üzerine çıkabilir.
Özellikle deniz üzerindeki sakin ve sıcak havalar bu tünel etkisini tetikler.
Belirtiler: Kıyı şehirlerinde yaşayanlar, televizyonlarında aniden beliren yabancı kanallar veya radyolarındaki uzak mesafe istasyonları sayesinde bu durumu fark edebilirler.
Genel Özellikler Mevsimsellik: Her mevsim görülebilse de, yüksek basınç sistemlerinin hakim olduğu bahar ve yaz aylarında çok daha aktif ve güçlüdür.
Karakteristik: Sinyaller genellikle oldukça kararlı ve güçlüdür. Özellikle VHF ve UHF bantlarında amatör telsizcilerin beklenmedik DX (uzak mesafe) görüşmeleri yapmasını sağlar.
Es olarak adlandırılan bu fenomen, iyonosferin E tabakasında (yaklaşık 90-120 km yükseklikte) aniden ortaya çıkan aşırı yoğun iyon bulutlarıdır. "Sporadik" (beklenmedik) ismini, oluşum zamanının ve yerinin tam olarak kestirilememesinden alır. Günümüzde bu bulutların, üst atmosferdeki şiddetli rüzgarların meteorik metal iyonlarını sıkıştırması sonucu oluştuğu bilinmektedir.
Frekans Aralığı ve Etkisi: Bu yüklü bulutlar, 21 MHz’den başlayarak VHF frekanslarına kadar olan dalgaları bir ayna gibi yansıtabilir. Genellikle 144 MHz (2 metre) bandına kadar etkili olur; nadiren 200 MHz sınırını zorladığı görülmüştür. Özellikle 28 MHz (10 metre) ve 50 MHz (6 metre) bantlarında sinyallerin çok güçlü, neredeyse yerel istasyon kalitesinde duyulmasını sağlar.
Mesafe ve Zamanlama: Tek bir yansıma (atlama) ile yaklaşık 2300 km mesafeye kadar görüşme imkanı sağlar. Bulutların dizilimine bağlı olarak gerçekleşen çift atlamalı (double-hop) durumlarda ise bu menzil 4500 km ve üzerine çıkabilir. Kuzey Yarımküre için en verimli dönem Mayıs, Haziran ve Temmuz aylarıdır; ancak kış ortasında (Aralık-Ocak) kısa süreli "minör" açılımlar da görülebilir.
Karakteristik: Es açılımları başladığında, normalde tamamen sessiz olan VHF bantları bir anda uzak mesafe istasyonlarının çağrılarıyla dolar. Sinyaller genellikle çok stabildir ve "FM" kalitesinde net bir ses duyulur.
VHF frekanslarında (özellikle 50 MHz ve 144 MHz) gözlemlenen bu anomali, iyonosferdeki serbest elektronların Dünya’nın manyetik alan çizgileri boyunca hizalanarak düzensizlikler oluşturmasıyla meydana gelir. Genellikle gün batımı civarında ve Sporadik-E (Es) sezonunda (Mayıs-Haziran ayları) daha sık görülür.
Sinyal Yönlendirme: FAI yansımalarında en ilginç nokta, istasyonların antenlerini birbirine değil, manyetik alan çizgilerine dik açı yapacak bir yansıma bölgesine çevirmeleridir. Örneğin; iki istasyon arasında 30 ila 110 derecelik bir "offset" (sapma) oluşabilir. İtalya'daki bir operatör, İsviçre ile görüşmek için antenini doğrudan İsviçre'ye değil, iyonosferdeki yoğunlaşmanın olduğu farklı bir yöne çevirmek zorunda kalabilir.
Mesafe ve Karakteristik: FAI, sinyalin yönünü değiştirerek normalde "ölü bölge" olarak kabul edilen mesafelere ulaşmasını sağlar. Sinyaller genellikle çok güçlüdür ancak iyonosferdeki dalgalanma nedeniyle karakteristik bir cızırtı (distortion) veya bozulma içerebilir. Çok uzak mesafeli (5000+ km) görüşmelerde ise FAI genellikle TEP gibi diğer yayılım türleriyle birleşerek bir "köprü" görevi görür.
TEP, iyonosferdeki anomalilerin ekvatoral düzlem üzerindeki etkisidir ve özellikle VHF/UHF operatörleri için "kutsal kâse" niteliğindedir. Yaygın olarak bilinenin aksine açılımı Trans-Equatorial Propagation şeklindedir.
Bu yayılım türü, radyo dalgalarının iyonosferin ekvator üzerindeki aşırı yoğunlaşmış bölgelerine çarpıp, yer yüzeyine değmeden (tekrar yansıma yapmadan) karşı yarım küreye ulaşmasıyla gerçekleşir.
Türkiye'nin coğrafi konumu, manyetik eşlenik olarak bizi doğrudan Güney Afrika (ZS) ve çevresindeki bölgelere bağlar. Güneyimizde kara parçası az olsa da, Güney Afrika istasyonları TEP için en önemli partnerlerimizdir.
VHF Denemeleri: Özellikle 6 metre (50 MHz) ve nadiren de olsa 2 metre (144 MHz) bantlarında, dijital modlar (Q65 gibi) veya WhatsApp üzerinden randevulaşarak bu açılımları yakalamak mümkündür. Genelde ekinoks zamanı ve sonrasında her akşam Afrika ve Avrupa'dan bir çok istasyon 144.192 frekansında Q65D/30 sn olarak denemelerine devam etmektedir.
Sinyal Karakteristiği: TEP ile gelen sinyaller genellikle kuvvetlidir ancak karakteristik bir "flutter" (titreme/dalgalanma) etkisine sahiptir.
TEP sadece VHF bantlarında değil, HF bantlarında (özellikle 10 metrede) da çok etkilidir. Bazen HF bantlarında Güney Afrika istasyonlarını, diğer yönlerden gelen sinyallere göre çok daha berrak ve güçlü duymamızın temel sebebi bu özel ekvatoral yayılımdır.
Küçük Bir İpucu: Eğer 10 metre (28 MHz) bandında Güney Afrika istasyonları "su içindeymiş gibi" titreyerek geliyorsa, bilin ki TEP kapısı ardına kadar açılmıştır!
Iyonosferden yansıtma , özellikle alt VHF bandlarında kullanılır. Her mevsim oluşur. 50 ve 70 MHz bandlarında sıklıkla kullanılır ve 2000 km civarı menzili vardır.
Kuzey ışıklarından yansıtma.. Tabii ki ışıktan yansıtmıyoruz. Kuzey ışıklarının sebebi olan yüklü bulutlardan yansıtma olarak da bilinir. VHF bandlarını olduğu gibi HF bandlarını da yansıtabilen bu yüklü bulutlar sayesinde , bazen hiç beklenmedik açılımlar yakalanabilmektedir. Maalesef ülkemizden sadece HF olarak faydalanabiliyoruz. Ama Avrupa'nın çoğu ülkesinde VHF için de kullanılabilmekte.
Lütfen paylaşımlarınızda "Amatör Radyoculuk Ruhuna" uygun davranmaya özen gösterin. Bu kapsamda:
uzak durmanızı rica ediyoruz. Bu kurallara uymayan paylaşımlar yayınlanmayabilir ve siteye erişiminiz geçici olarak kısıtlanabilir.
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